Soon Metropolitan John (Mirtov) arrived, who quickly agreed with the NKVD on a course of action. Father Vasily began to prepare for his arrest and sent a letter to the Metropolitan of Nizhny Novgorod, Acting Locum Tenens of the Patriarchal Throne, Sergius (Stragorodsky), in which he repented of his renovationism. At the same time, he was preparing a successor for himself.

After returning to the Patriarchal Church, Fr. Feofan received from Metropolitan Sergius a blessing for Russian-language divine services with the peculiarities practiced in the community, and an important addition was made: "Guided by the example of the late His Holiness the Patriarch, I do not find any obstacles for the Most Reverend Diocesan Bishops, if they find it useful, to allow Hieromonk Theophan (or others) to do the same, each in his own diocese." This decree "On Receiving into Communion with the Holy Synod. The Church and on the Admission of the Russian Language in Church Worship" was published in the Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate No5 for 1931.

On December 9, 1931, after all-night vigil on the Sign of the Mother of God, Fr. Feofan was arrested and in 1932 exiled to the village of Suyanki, Krasnovishersky District, Perm Region, then to the village of Cherdyn in the same district.

His successor, Fr. Vasily Aboimov, was not allowed to serve in the Church of St. Elijah, the keys to which were taken away by the Renovationists. The community dispersed to the city parishes, and Priest Vasily Aboimov and Deacon Ioann Frolov were sent to the village of Pakhotny Usad, where, with the blessing of Metropolitan Sergius, they served in Russian. Soon Fr. Vasily Aboimov was arrested.

After the end of his term of exile in 1934, Fr. Theophan did not have the right to reside in the ten largest cities of the country (minus 10), registered in Vladimir, but lived in Nizhny Novgorod with his spiritual children.

In 1935, Fr. Feofan was arrested in Nizhny Novgorod together with Metropolitan Yevgeny (Zernov), priests Nicholas the Great and Peter Novoselsky for celebrating the Paschal service on May 1, 1935.

On November 4, 1935, he was sentenced under Article 54, Paragraph 10 of the Criminal Code "for propaganda of a counter-revolutionary orientation against the measures of the Soviet government" to 3 years in the Gulag. He was sent to Karlag.

On October 16, 1937, he was arrested by the NKVD of the Karaganda region on the grounds that "while serving his sentence in Karlag, V.I. Adamenko, as well as N.A. Romanovsky, as part of a group of former priests, participated in the organization of the "True Orthodox Church", which, in addition to Fr. Feofan and Fr. Nikolai Romanovsky, also included Bishop Sergius (Zverev) of Yeletsk.

During interrogations, Fr. Feofan "pleaded not guilty, did not deny participation in meetings and religious rites."

By the decision of the troika of the NKVD in the Karaganda region of November 20, 1937, Hieromonk Feofan (Adamenko) was convicted under Article 58-10-11 and sentenced to the supreme penalty – shooting, which, according to an extract from the act, was carried out.

The place of burial is not known.

In October 1943, Sergius (Stragorodsky), who had recently been elected Patriarch of All Russia, sent a petition to the Council for the Affairs of the Orthodox Church under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR for amnesty for a number of imprisoned clergymen whom he "wished to involve in church work." The list attached to the petition contained the names of 25 bishops and one priest – Fr. Adamenko. In fact, by that time, only one person from the entire list remained alive, the rest were shot or died in prisons and camps.

By the decision of the Presidium of the Karaganda Regional Court of November 28, 1957, the decision of the Troika of the NKVD for the Karaganda Region of October 20, 1937 in relation to Hieromonk Feofan (Adamenko) was canceled "for lack of evidence of the corpus delicti."

Commemoration with the Synaxis of the New Martyrs.