It means to obey them, to help them in their labors and needs, to care for them during their illness and old age, and to pray for the salvation of their souls.

How was disrespect for parents once punished?

Noah's son, Ham, laughed at his father, who slept naked in his vineyard; and his other sons, Shem and Japheth, covered his naked body with garments. Noah, waking up, learned about such a disrespectful act of Ham, cursed him and prophetically said that his descendants would be slaves of the descendants of his brothers.

Apart from parents, who else is commanded to honor the fifth commandment?

Those who in any case replace our parents, such as: the Sovereign of their Fatherland, spiritual pastors, superiors, all benefactors in general and elders.

Which of them should be especially revered?

The sovereign, because He is the father of the whole people and the anointed of God. Fear God, honor the king (1 Pet. 2:17), says the Apostle Peter. The Lord Himself said: render unto Caesar the things that belong to Caesar (Matt. 22:21), i.e. what belongs to Caesar, or to the king, give to him: whatever duties you have to the Emperor, fulfill them.

What are the duties of a subject to the Sovereign?

One must obey His commands, pray for Him, obey the authorities appointed by Him, pay taxes honestly, willingly go to military service at His command in defense of the faith and the fatherland, and willingly perform other duties.

And what can be said about those who do not fulfill their duties to the Sovereign?

They are guilty not only before the Tsar, but also before God, because if you resist the authorities, as the Word of God says, you resist God's command... for there is no authority except it be from God (Romans 13:1-2).

The Sixth Commandment of God

Do not kill - do not kill.