; for there is not another teaching of Christ, but another of the Holy Spirit, but one and the same. He foretold to Paul what was to happen to him: that he, having learned these things beforehand, would be more complacent. This is said in order to explain the words: the words that I have spoken to you, the Spirit, so that, that is, you do not consider this Spirit to be a mere utterance of the mouth, but a good teaching.

15. Sin is also called spirit in the Scriptures, as we have said, but in a different and opposite sense, as, for example, it is said: "By the spirit of fornication thou wast deceived" (Hos. 4:12). An unclean spirit is called a spirit (Luke 11:24), the devil, however, with the addition, unclean. Each spirit is given its own name to designate its property. If the Scriptures call the human soul spirit; then with the addition: the spirit of man.

If he calls the wind a spirit, he calls it a stormy spirit (Psalm 47:8). If sin is called a spirit, then it is called a spirit of fornication (Oc. 4:12). If he calls the devil a spirit, he calls him an unclean spirit: so that we may know what kind of spirit he is talking about. Do not think that it says about the Holy Spirit, no; for the name of spirit is something general, and everything that does not have a gross body is usually called spirit.

Since the devils do not have such bodies, they are called spirits. But there is a great difference here. For an unclean spirit, when it attacks the soul of a man (may the Lord preserve the soul of all those who hear, as well as those who are not here!), is like a bloodthirsty wolf attacking a sheep in order to devour it. Its appearance is the most terrible, the most intolerable to the senses, to produce darkness in thoughts; you will attack his iniquity; he steals someone else's possessions by force, treats someone else's body as if it were his own, and with someone else's tool he overthrows the one who is standing; for he is an accomplice of him who has fallen from heaven; it perverts the tongue, distorts the lips, in which there is foam instead of words; man is darkened, his eyes are open, but the soul does not see them, and the unfortunate man groans terribly before death.

Truly, the enemies of men are the devils, who treat them in such a vile and merciless way.

16. No, the Holy Spirit is not like that; His actions, on the contrary, are directed towards good and salvation. And in the first place, His appearance is meek, with Him they received incense, His lightest burden. Rays of light and knowledge shine before His appearance. He comes with the love of a true Minister. For to come to save and heal, to teach, to admonish, to strengthen, to comfort, to enlighten the mind, first of the one who comes, and through Him the minds of others.

And just as he who was formerly in darkness, and then suddenly beheld the sun, receives light with his bodily eyes, and sees what he has not clearly seen: so he who has been vouchsafed the Holy Spirit is enlightened by the soul, and having risen above man, beholds what he has not seen. On earth with his body, and with his soul he looks to the heavens. He sees Isaiah sitting on the throne of the Lord high and exalted (Isaiah 6:1)

He sees, like Ezekiel, sitting on the Cherubim (Ezekiel 10): He sees, like Daniel, thousands of thousands, and thousands of thousands (Dan. 7:10). And the little man sees the beginning of the world and the end of the world, and the middle of times, and the succession of kings, he knows what he did not understand before: for the true Enlightener is with him. Inside the walls is a man, but the power of knowledge extends far away, and he sees even the deeds of others.

7. Peter was not with Ananias and Sapphira when they sold their possessions, but he was there in spirit. Why, he says, will Satan fill thy heart with lying to the Holy Spirit (Acts 5:3)? There was no accuser, no witness. How did he know what had happened? Is not that which is yours? And what is sold is not in your power? What hast thou put this thing in thy heart (4)? The unlearned Peter learned by the grace of the Spirit what the Greek wise men did not understand.

Thou knowest the same thing of Elisse: for when he healed Naaman's leprosy for nothing, Gehazi took payment, as a reward for the labor of others: and he took money from Naaman, and hid it in a dark place; But darkness is not dark for the saints. For as soon as he came, Elisha asked him; and how does Peter say: "O Lord, if I have given up a village on it" (Acts 5:8)? Thus also this one testeth: whence come, Gehazi (2 Kings 5:25)?

Not because he did not know whence he came, but out of sorrow he said, "From where?" Thou hast come from darkness, and into darkness thou shalt go. Thou hast sold healing to the leper, and thou shalt receive in return his leprosy. I have fulfilled, he says, the command of Him who said to me, Thou shalt receive it, thou shalt give it to me; but you, having sold this gift, accept the leprosy, which was an occasion for sale. What then did Elisha say to him? And is my heart walking with thee (26)?

Though I was here in body, yet the Spirit given to me by God saw what was distant, and showed me clearly what was happening elsewhere. Do you see that the Holy Spirit not only leads out of ignorance, but also communicates knowledge? Do you see how he enlightens souls?

18. Isaiah for almost a thousand years saw Zion as a tabernacle, while this city still stood, was adorned with marketplaces, and was in glory, and another prophet said, "Zion, as the field shall be prooted" (Micah 3:12); predicting what has now come to pass in our presence. Notice, then, the accuracy of the prophecy; it says: "The daughter of Zion shall be left as a tabernacle in the vineyard, and as a storehouse of vegetables in the vineyard" (Isaiah 1:8).

Now in these places there are almost cucumber ridges everywhere. Do you see how the Holy Spirit enlightens the saints? Therefore, see that instead of Him, because of the similarity of the name, you do not receive another spirit, but try to find exact signs.